GIVE EVIDANCE

THE USE OF CHEMISTRY IN DAILY LIFE

 

The development of science and technology has produced industrial products that can meet the needs of everyday people. Chemicals that have been known for their benefits are developed by making products useful for the benefit of humans and their environment. Therefore, we need to know the types, traits, uses, and side effects of every product we use or see everyday.
Chemicals in everyday life can be grouped according to the chart below:

            Many kinds of chemicals that exist in everyday life. Some groups of chemicals in question, among them are:
1. cleaners;
2. bleach clothes;
3. fragrances;
4. pesticides;

1. Cleaners
         In everyday life, we are familiar with various cleaning chemicals, including soaps and detergents. The types of chemicals that can be used as a cleanser include:
• Body cleanser,
• Hairdresser,
• Motor and car cleaners,
• Plate cleanser,
• Clothes cleansers,
• Floor cleaner
           We need to be careful in choosing cleaning materials, the material should not cause a bad influence on the environment. Some types of detergents are difficult to decipher by decomposers. If the detergent is mixed with groundwater that is used as a source of drinking water for humans or livestock then the ground water will endanger health. Therefore, it is better to choose detergents whose waste can be decomposed by microorganisms (biodegradable). Adverse effects that can be caused by the use of detergents that are not selective or not careful are:
A. Increase household waste in the form of foam.
B. The soap-generated foam can be broken down by microorganisms present in the soil, whereas the foam produced from the detergent is difficult to break down by microorganisms in the soil

2. Bleach
            Bleach is usually sold in the form of a solution and is used to remove impurities or colored stains that are difficult to remove by using only soap or detergent. Bleach solutions sold on the market usually contain sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) active ingredients of about 5%. Besides being used as bleach and cleaning stains, it is also used for disinfecting (disinfecting germs). In general, whitening agents sold on the market are safe to use during use in accordance with the instructions. In addition to the stain, this substance can also react with the dye clothes so that it can fade the color of clothing. Therefore, the use of this bleach should be as directed.
•  How can bleach remove stubborn dirt on white clothing?
• In bleach ingredients contain Ca (ClO2) hypochlorite usually known as chlorine, and a bleach solution containing sodium hypochlorite (NaClO). The bleach will oxidize the impurities so that the impurities will dissolve in water

                                                 Examples of Some Chemicals In Household

        
                    

3. Fragrance
Fragrance is another chemical that is closely related to our daily life. We can obtain deodorant from both natural and synthetic materials. In addition to substances that give rise to fragrance, fragrances sold on the market usually contain other substances, such as alcohol for liquid perfumes and alum for fragrance-shaped solids.
In addition to alcohol, there are still a variety of other additives that are deliberately added to the perfume so that the perfume is easily sprayed (the substance serves as propellant). Among the additives that can serve as propellants there are those that can pollute the environment. Certain propellants if released into the air and then into the upper atmosphere will damage the ozone layer. It also affects human health such as irritating the eyes, nose, throat, skin, resulting in nausea, dizziness, bleeding, loss of memory, cancer, and tumors, liver damage, causing mild to moderate irritation of the lungs, including symptoms such as asthma .

4. Pesticides
Pesticide-type chemicals are closely related to the lives of farmers. Pesticides are used to eradicate plant pests so as not to disrupt agricultural production. Pesticides commonly used by farmers can be classified according to function and target
Its use, namely:
A. Insecticides, ie pesticides used to eradicate insects, such as grasshoppers, ladybirds, aphis, and caterpillars.
B. Fungicide, a pesticide used to eradicate and prevent the growth of mold or fungus.
C. Bactericide, ie pesticides to eradicate bacteria or viruses.
D. Rodenticide, a pesticide used to eradicate plant pests in the form of rodents, such as rodents.
E. Herbicides, ie pesticides used to eradicate weeds (weeds), such as reeds, grasses, and water hyacinths.

Additives In Food Ingredients

 

1. Additive Substances

          Additives are chemicals that are mixed into foods that aim to improve the quality of food, add delicacy, and preserve food.
Functions include: 

1. Antioxidant and synergistic antioxidants

2. Acidizer, neutralizer
3. Artificial sweeteners
4. Bleach and bunds
5. Nutrition enhancer
6. Preservatives
7. Emulsifier (mixer)
8. Eaters and thickeners
9. Hardener
10. Natural and synthetic dyes
11. Flavor and aroma, and others.

2. Natural Seasonings         Natural flavoring ingredients are often used to cause a savory taste in food, among others• Coconut milk,• Cow's milk, and• Nuts.Other flavoring ingredients commonly used as cooking spices, among others• Galangal, cilantro,• Chili, cinnamon, and nutmeg
3. Natural Sweeteners        Natural sweeteners commonly used, divided into two, namely as follows:• Nutritive sweeteners• Non-nutritive sweeteners• Nutritive sweeteners
       Nutritive sweeteners are natural sweeteners that produce calories. Nutritive sweeteners come from plants (sucrose / sugar cane, beet sugar, xylitol and fructose), from animals (lactose, honey), and from the decomposition of carbohydrates (glucose syrup, dextrose, sorbitol).
4. Natural Preservatives         Natural preservatives are often used are:• Salt,• Vinegar• SugarThis natural preservative is used to preserve food to always be in good condition.
5. Natural Dye Materials      Have you ever eaten yellow rice? Where does it come from yellow on yellow rice? Other natural dyes are also often used, such as the following:• The yellow color comes from a cooking spice called turmeric.• Pandan leaves and suji leaves to produce a green color;• Red sugar and caramel to produce brown color;• Chili, tomatoes, and peppers to produce red.